Vatsvakurudzi vakawana mavara chaiwo eboka rezvipembenene zvakavharirwa muamber kuMyanmar makore mamiriyoni 99 apfuura. Zvipembenene zvekare zvinosanganisira cuckoo wasps, water fly uye zvipembenene.
Zvisikwa zvinooneka zvakapfuma, asi zvisaririra hazviwanzo chengetedza umboo hweruvara rwechisikwa chekutanga.Kunyange zvakadaro, paleontologists vava kutsvaga nzira dzekutora mavara kubva pazvisaririra zvakachengetedzwa zvakanaka, angave ari madhinosauri nezvinokambaira zvinobhururuka kana nyoka nemhuka dzekare.
Kunzwisisa ruvara rwemarudzi akatsakatika kunonyanya kukosha nokuti kunogona kuudza vatsvakurudzi zvakawanda pamusoro pemaitiro emhuka.Semuenzaniso, ruvara runogona kushandiswa kukwezva vakaroorana kana kunyevera zvikara, uye kunyange kubatsira kudzora tembiricha.Kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pazvo kunogonawo kubatsira vatsvakurudzi kudzidza zvakawanda nezve ecosystem uye nharaunda.
Muchidzidzo chitsva ichi, boka rekutsvagisa kubva kuNanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology (NIGPAS) yeChinese Academy of Sciences yakatarisa makumi matatu nemashanu emhando dzeamber samples dzaive netwupembenene twakachengetedzwa.Mafossils akawanikwa mumugodhi weamber kuchamhembe kweMyanmar.
…Joyina muZME Newsletter kuti uwane nhau dzinoshamisa dzesainzi, maficha uye zvibodzwa zvakasarudzika. Haugone kukanganisa nevanodarika 40,000 vakanyoresa.
"Amber ndeyepakati peCretaceous, makore angangoita mamirioni makumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe, inotangira kunguva yegoridhe yemadinosaur," munyori anotungamira Chenyan Cai akadaro mukuburitswa.Zvirimwa nemhuka zvakavharirwa mutsvina yakakora zvinochengetedzwa, dzimwe dzine kuvimbika soupenyu.”
Mavara emuzvarirwo anowanzowira muzvikamu zvitatu zvakafara: bioluminescence, pigment, uye structural color.Amber fossils akawana akachengetedzwa mavara echimiro anowanzo kusimba uye anokatyamadza (kusanganisira mavara esimbi) uye anogadzirwa nemicroscopic mwenje-inoparadzira zvimiro zviri pamhuka. musoro, muviri nemakumbo.
Vatsvakurudzi vakakwenenzvera zvisaririra vachishandisa sandpaper uye diatomaceous earth powder. Imwe amber inogayiwa kuita maflakes akatetepa kwazvo kuitira kuti tumbuyu zvinyatsooneka, uye matrix akatenderedza amber anenge akajeka muchiedza chakajeka.Mifananidzo yakabatanidzwa muchidzidzo yakagadziridzwa kuti gadzirisa kupenya uye kusiyana.
"Rudzi rweruvara rwakachengetwa mufossil amber unonzi ruvara rwechimiro," Yanhong Pan, munyori pamwe chete wechidzidzo ichi, akadaro mukutaura. achiwedzera kuti uyu “muitiro une mutoro nokuda kwamavara mazhinji atinoziva nezvawo muupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva.”
Pakati pezvisaririra zvose, cuckoo wasps inonyanya kushamisa, ine metallic yebhuruu-girinhi, yero-tsvuku, violet uye girinhi hues pamisoro yavo, thorax, dumbu nemakumbo. Maererano nekudzidza, aya mavara emhando anonyatsoenderana ne cuckoo wasps ari mupenyu nhasi. .Zvimwe zvinoshamisira zvinosanganisira zvipembenene zvebhuruu nepepuru uye nhunzi dzesimbi dzakasvibira dzakasvibira.
Vachishandisa electron microscopy, vatsvakurudzi vakaratidza kuti fossil amber ine "yakanyatsochengetedzwa-inoparadzira chiedza exoskeleton nanostructures."
“Zvatinoona zvinoratidza zvakasimba kuti zvimwe zvisaririra zveamber zvinogona kuchengetedza mavara akafanana neezvipembenene zvakaratidzwa pazvairarama makore anenge mamiriyoni 99 apfuura,” vanyori veongororo iyi vakanyora kudaro.” Uyezve, izvi zvinosimbiswa nechokwadi chokuti simbi yeblue-greens inowanzogara ichiripo. anowanikwa mumagumbeze agara aripo."
Fermin Koop mutori wenhau anobva kuBuenos Aires, Argentina.Ane MA muEnvironment and Development kubva kuYunivhesiti yeKuverenga, UK, anonyanya hunyanzvi hwekutapa nhau dzekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze nemamiriro ekunze.