Kaolin ivhu risiri resimbi, iro riri rudzi rwevhu nedombo revhu rinonyanya kuumbwa nematombo evhu eboka rekaolinite. Nekuda kwechitarisiko chayo chena uye chakapfava, inozivikanwawo sevhu reBaiyun. Rakatumidzwa zita kubva kuGaoling Village muJingdezhen, Jiangxi Province.

Kaolin yayo yakachena yakachena, yakapfava, uye yakapfava, ine hunhu hwakanaka hwemuviri uye hwemakemikari senge plasticity uye inodzivirira moto. Muumbirwo wayo wezvicherwa unonyanya kuumbwa nekaolinite, halloysite, hydromica, illite, montmorillonite, pamwe chete nezvicherwa zvakaita sequartz nefeldspar. Kaolin ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana, anonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira mapepa, zveceramics, uye zvinhu zvinoramba, ichiteverwa nependi, rabha fillers, enamel glazes, uye zvinhu zvichena zvesimende. Muhuwandu hushoma, inoshandiswa mupurasitiki, pendi, pigments, grinding wheels, mapenzura, zvizoro zvezuva nezuva, sipo, mishonga yezvipembenene, mishonga, machira, peturu, makemikari, zvinhu zvekuvaka, dziviriro yenyika nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeindasitiri.

Maitiro ekuita
Kupenya kweChena Kunopeta

Kuchena ndeimwe yenzira huru dzekushanda kwetekinoroji kwekaolin, uye kaolin yakachena kwazvo ichena. Kuchena kwekaolin kwakakamurwa kuita kuchena kwechisikigo uye kuchena kwakacheneswa. Kune zvigadzirwa zveceramic, kuchena mushure me calcination kwakakosha, uye kuchena kwakacheneswa kwakakwira, kunaka kunowedzera. Maitiro eceramic anoti kuomesa pa105 ℃ ndiyo chiyero chekuyera kuchena kwechisikigo, uye calcining pa1300 ℃ ndiyo chiyero chekuyera kuchena kwakacheneswa. Kuchena kunogona kuyerwa uchishandisa mita yekuchena. Mita yekuchena inoyera kupenya kwe3800-7000Å Chishandiso chekuyera kupenya kwechiedza pahurefu hwe (kureva, 1 angstrom=0.1 nanometers). Muchiyereso chekuchena, kupenya kwemuenzaniso wekuyedza kunoenzaniswa nekwemuenzaniso wenguva dzose (wakadai seBaSO4, MgO, nezvimwewo), zvichikonzera kuchena (kwakadai sekuchena kwe90, kwakaenzana ne90% yekupenya kwemuenzaniso wenguva dzose).

Kupenya chimiro chemaitiro chakafanana nekuchena, chakaenzana ne4570Å Kuchena pasi pe (angstrom) wavelength chiedza chinovhenekerwa.

Ruvara rwekaolin runonyanya kuenderana nesimbi oxides kana organic matter iri mairi. Kazhinji ine Fe2O3, inoita seruvara rweruvara rutsvuku nebrown yero; Ine Fe2+, inoita sebhuruu rakachenuruka uye girini rakachenuruka; Ine MnO2, inoita seruvara rakachenuruka; Kana ine organic matter, inoita seruvara rwe ...

Kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvimedu zvinopetwa
Kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvikamu kunoreva huwandu hwezvikamu zviri mu kaolin yechisikigo mukati mehuwandu hwakasiyana hwezvikamu (zvinoratidzwa mumamirimita kana micrometer mesh), zvinoratidzwa muhuwandu hwezvikamu. Hunhu hwekugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvikamu zve kaolin hunokosha zvikuru pakusarudza uye kushandiswa kwemaitiro ematombo. Hukuru hwayo hune simba guru pakugadzirwa kwayo, viscosity yematope, kugona kwayo kuchinjana kwemaion, kushanda kwayo, kuomesa, uye kushanda kwayo pakupisa. Kaolin ore inoda kugadziriswa kwehunyanzvi, uye kana iri nyore kugadzirisa kusvika pakupfava kunodiwa kwave imwe yemipimo yekuongorora mhando yematombo. Dhipatimendi rega rega remaindasitiri rine zvinodiwa zvakananga zvehukuru hwezvikamu uye kupfava kwe kaolin kune zvinangwa zvakasiyana. Kana United States ichida kuti kaolin ishandiswe sejira ive pasi pe 2 μ Zviri mukati me m zvinosvika 90-95%, uye zvinhu zvekuzadza mapepa zviri pasi pe 2 μ M zvinosvika 78-80%.

Peta kusunga
Kunamatira kunoreva kugona kwekaolin kusangana nezvinhu zvisiri zvepurasitiki kuti zvigadzire madhaka epurasitiki uye zvine simba rekuomesa. Kuziva kugona kwekubatanidza kunosanganisira kuwedzera jecha re quartz rakajairika (rine huremu hwe 0.25-0.15 particle size fraction inokwana 70% uye 0.15-0.09mm particle size fraction inokwana 30%) ku kaolin. Kutarisa kukwirira kwayo zvichibva pane huwandu hwayo hwejecha hwakanyanya kana ichikwanisa kuchengetedza ivhu repurasitiki uye simba rayo rekuchinjika mushure mekuomesa, jecha rakawanda rinowedzerwa, ndiko kusimba kwekubatanidza kwekaolin iyi. Kazhinji, kaolin ine plasticity yakasimba inewo huremu hwakasimba hwekubatanidza.

Namatidza inopeta
Kusviba kunoreva hunhu hwemvura inotadzisa kufamba kwayo nekuda kwekusviba kwemukati. Hukuru hwayo (inoshanda pachikamu chimwe chete chenzvimbo yekusviba kwemukati) hunomiririrwa nekusviba, mumayuniti ePa · s. Kuonekwa kwekusviba kunowanzo kuyerwa uchishandisa rotational viscometer, iyo inoyera kumhanya kwekutenderera mumatope ekaolin ane 70% yezvakasimba. Mukugadzirwa kwayo, kusviba kunokosha zvikuru. Haisi chete parameter yakakosha muindasitiri yeceramic, asiwo ine simba guru muindasitiri yekugadzira mapepa. Sekureva kwedata, pakushandisa kaolin sechifukidziro munyika dzekunze, kusviba kunofanirwa kunge kuri pa0.5Pa · s yekuputira nekukurumidza uye pasi pe1.5Pa · s yekuputira nekukurumidza.

Thixotropy zvinoreva hunhu hwekuti slurry yakakora kuita gel uye isingachafambi inova mvura mushure mekumanikidzwa, uye yozokora zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika pakuva pakutanga mushure mekusamira. Ukobvu hwe coefficient hunoshandiswa kumiririra saizi yayo, uye inoyerwa uchishandisa outflow viscometer uye capillary viscometer.

Kusviba uye thixotropy zvine chekuita nekuumbwa kwemaminerari, saizi yezvidimbu, uye rudzi rwecation mumatope. Kazhinji, avo vane huwandu hwakawanda hwe montmorillonite, zvikamu zvidiki, uye sodium se cation huru inochinjika vane viscosity yakakura uye thickening coefficient. Saka, mukuita izvi, nzira dzakadai sekuwedzera ivhu repurasitiki yakawanda uye kuvandudza fineness dzinowanzo shandiswa kuvandudza viscosity yayo ne thixotropy, nepo nzira dzakadai sekuwedzera diluted electrolyte uye mvura inoshandiswa kuderedza.