Kuti titi zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaitika mugore kubva pakutanga kwedenda reCOVID-19, uku kupfupisa zviitiko zvikuru, zvekuti zvakaoma kurangarira mazuva ekutanga enharaunda yevapambi vemidziyo yaishandisa PPE reaction yakawanda. , Homemade ventilator nezvimwewo. Zvisinei, hatiyeuki kuti kwaive nekuedza kwakawanda kugadzira iyi DIY oxygen concentrator panguva yekutanga kwekuwedzera.
Zvichienderana nekureruka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwedhizaini inonzi OxiKit, zvinoita sezvisinganzwisisike kuti hatisati taona mimwe michina yakadaro. OxiKit inoshandisa zeolite, chicherwa chine tumaburi chinogona kushandiswa sesefa yemamorekuru. Mabhera madiki aya anoiswa mu cylinder yakagadzirwa nemapombi ePVC uye zvinhu zvinobva muchitoro chemidziyo, uye akabatanidzwa kune air compressor isina mafuta kuburikidza nevharuvhu inodzorwa nemavharuvhu akawanda esolenoid. Mushure mekutonhorera mu coil ye copper tube, mhepo yakamanikidzwa inomanikidzwa kupfuura nepakati pe zeolite column iyo inonyanya kuchengetedza nitrogen uku ichibvumira okisijeni kupfuura nepakati. Okisijeni inokamurwa, chikamu chimwe chinopinda mutangi re buffer, uye chimwe chikamu chinopinda mukati megomba re zeolite rechipiri, uko nitrogen inonyudzwa nechisimba inoburitswa. Arduino inodzora vharuvhu kuti iendese gasi ichidzokera shure nekudzoka kuti ibudise 15 litres ye 96% oxygen yakachena paminiti.
OxiKit haina kugadziriswa semajenareta eokisijeni ekutengeserana, saka haina kunyarara zvakanyanya. Asi iyi yakachipa kupfuura yekutengeserana, uye kune vazhinji vanonyengedza, iri nyore kugadzira. Madhizaini eOxiKit ese ari pachena, asi anotengesa maturusi uye zvimwe zvikamu zvakaoma kutenga uye zvinodyiwa, zvakaita sezeolite. Tichaedza kuvaka chimwe chinhu chakadai nekuti tekinoroji iyi yakanaka kwazvo. Kuva nesosi yeokisijeni inoyerera zvakanyanya hakusi pfungwa yakaipa futi.
Marita gumi nemashanu paminiti anoita seanoshamisa zvikuru. Kana tichitarisa chiyero, zvakakwana kuchengetedza hupenyu hwevanhu vanomwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa (munhu mumwe nemumwe pamarita maviri paminiti).
Ndagara ndichida kuziva kuti izvi zvinoshanda sei. Zvinonakidza. Zvinoita sekunge zvinotyora mitemo yethermodynamics, asi handizvo zvazviri.
Nekuwanda kweokisijeni kunogadzirwa, ndinoda kuziva kuti chii chichaitika kana ukaisa mwana uyu painjini yemota uye/kana kumukudza. Zvingangoita senitrite. Izvi zvichave zvakachengeteka, nekuti unogona kuiisa kuitira kuti okisijeni "yakachena" inogadzirwa idyiwe pedyo neinjini pane kuchengetwa chero kupi. Zvisinei, ndinofanira kutanga ndagadzirisa mota. Ndadzoka shure… "Zvichave zvakaipa."
Ndinofunga izvi zvakanaka pakunamira/kuputira/kucheka okisijeni/propane, okisijeni/hydrogen kana okisijeni/acetylene.
Ehe, mushure mekuona vhidhiyo iyi, YT yakabuda vhidhiyo yaDalbor Farny yekukurudzira pamusoro peO2 concentrator. Chinangwa ndechekupa tochi yemafuta eokisijeni yaanoda yelathe inofefetera girazi. Gadzira chubhu yako yedhijitari yakagadzirirwa iwe pachako. Kutaura zvazviri, nhanhatu dzacho dzinosanganiswa kugadzira 30 lpm O2.
Ndinofunga kuti injini ye2-litre inomhanya neRPM zviuru zvishoma inogona kushandisa injini ye15-litre panzvimbo peminiti imwe chete. Zvisinei, izvi zvinogona kuwedzera mwero weokisijeni mumhepo inopinda kusvika padanho rakakwana here? Handizivi zvechokwadi.
Nitrite inogona kupa simba nekuti inoburitsa nitrogen molecule yega yega ye nitrous oxide yakaora (inochengetedza huwandu hwayo sezvo okisijeni ichidyiwa), sekunge inowedzera huwandu hweoxygen hunoshanda (Kuburitsa kuchapawo kupisa). Kupomba oxygen yakachena hakuna zvakunobatsira, nekuti uchiri kurasikirwa nehuwandu uye unofanirwa kugadzirisa matambudziko anogona kukonzera engine block.
Uchafanira kuwedzera zvakanyanya. Injini yemotokari ine 2-litre ine kumhanya kwe2500 rpm "inofema" mweya unenge 2.5 cubic metres paminiti (21% O²). Inopetwa ka600 kupfuura munhu ari kuzorora. Huwandu hwekufema hunodyiwa nevanhu hunenge 25% yeO², nepo huwandu hwekufema hunodyiwa nemotokari hunenge 90%…
Inopisawo mapiston anopisa zvikuru uye akanyunguduka. Nekutsveyamisa mafuta akasanganiswa, unogona kuwana simba rakawanda kubva kune chero injini. Asi piston inonyunguduka nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekupisa. Kuderera kweokisijeni kunodzivirira simbi kuti isanyunguduke.
Injini dzemotokari dzinongoganhurirwa nemhepo inoyerera uye dzinoburitsa simba guru padzinopisa okisijeni yese iri mumhepo. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuwedzera musanganiswa zvishoma, izvo zvisingapise peturu. Kunze kwekunge simba guru richidikanwa, mainjini emotokari anowanzo famba zvishoma, nekuti kushanda kwemafuta akawanda kunoreva kudzikira kwemafuta uye kuwedzera kusvibiswa kwemahydrocarbon.
Kana uchida kushandisa chinhu ichi kuwedzera simba, unoda nzira yekunyengera komputa yeinjini kuti iwedzere huwandu hwemafuta panguva imwe chete.
Kana uchikwanisa kuchengetedza chiyero chemhepo nemafuta chisingaperi, zvakafanana nekuvhura throttle nechikamu chidiki chete.
Zvisinei, kana ukapfuura "muzana mashoma" (kusanzwisisika nemaune…), unogona kusvika pamuganho wekugona kweECU kunzwisisa kuti mweya wakawanda sei unopinda, kana kudzora kuti mafuta akawanda sei anobuda, kana kuisa nguva chaiyo yekupisa pasinei nekuti uri kushandisa kumhanya kupi uye kufamba kwemhepo.
Kuyerera kweropa kunodiwa kuti munhu arambe ari mupenyu kunoenderana nemamiriro ake ezvinhu! 2 l/min iri nyore. Varwere vazhinji vanoda kutarisirwa zvakanyanya vanoda 15 l/min.
Ingochenjerera kuti okisijeni isashande. Okisijeni yakawanda inogona kuita kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvibatire uye inokurudzira kupisa kwemafuta akawanda nemafuta. Ndosaka vachishandisa macompressor asina mafuta.
Izvozvo, pamwe nedzimwe nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzirisa O2 "dzisingawanzoonekwi" dzinogona kukukuvadza, kunyanya kana uchimanikidzwa zvakanyanya.
Kana uri kutamba O2, unogona kushandisa Vance Harlow's Oxygen Hacker's Companion (vanonyura mu nitrox vanogona kunge vatova neiyi companion): http://www.airspeedpress.com/newoxyhacker .html
Handizivi bhuku racho, ndiro rinorishandisa, kwete rinorigadzirisa. Zvisinei, ndatenda nekutarisa kwenyu, ndichatenga kopi kana fomu racho ratanga kushanda!
Ehe, ndichataura. Kukundikana kwemhepo yakamanikidzwa yePVC kunokonzerwa nekuputika kwema shrapnel, saka nyatsocherechedza kumanikidzwa uku - sezvo dhayamita yepombi ichiwedzera, kumanikidzwa kuchaderera.
Mukutanga kwema1980, ndaishandira kambani yekurenda michina yekurapa yairenda uye yaigadzirisa majenareta eokisijeni eDevilbiss. Panguva iyoyo, mayuniti aya aingova saizi yefiriji diki yedoro. Ndinonyatsoyeuka chimiro che "kuchengetera hardware" chemukati mayo. Ndichiri kuyeuka kuti mubhedha wekusefa wakagadzirwa nepaipi yePVC ye 4-inch uye chifukidziro, saka chimiro chakatsanangurwa muchirongwa ichi chinoenderana netekinoroji yekare (asi zviri pachena kuti inoshanda).
Compressor ine mhando yepiston/diaphragm inotenderera kaviri, saka hapana mafuta mumhepo yakamanikidzwa. Vharuvhu iri mumusoro wecompressor itsvina yakatetepa isina ngura.
Kuronga mafungu emvura kunoitwa nemechanical timer, hapana Arduino inodiwa. Timer ine synchronization (mota yegiya rewachi) inotyaira shaft ine mavhiri akawanda ecam. Micro switch iri pacam inobatidza solenoid valve, zvichiita kuti gasi rifambe-fambe.
Muvengi mukuru wemichina iyi hunyoro hwakawanda. Kunyudzwa kwemamorekuru emvura kunoparadza mubhedha wesefo.
Ndisati ndabva kukambani, takatanga kutenga concentrator kubva kune mumwe mukwikwidzi weDevilbiss (zita racho harisi kuzivikanwa kwandiri), uye kambani iyi yaratidza kufambira mberi kukuru. Kuwedzera kune concentrator itsva diki uye yakanyarara, kambani iyi yakavakawo sieve bed ichishandisa machubhu earuminiyamu. Chubhu iyi yakafukidzwa neplate ine magrooves eO-rings. Ndinofunga nezvekutsigira kwakazara kunobatanidza ma assemblies. Chakanakira dhizaini iyi ndechekuti kana zvichidikanwa, mubhedha unogona kupatsanurwa uye zvinhu zvesieve zvinogona kutsiviwa. Vakabvisawo ma mechanical timers ndokuatsiva nemidziyo yemagetsi iri nyore uye maSSR kuti vatange ma solenoids.
Zvinoda kushandiswa kweSCH40 piping (yakayerwa kumanikidzwa 260psi @ 3″) uye zviri pachena kuti zvine vharuvhu yekuchengetedza ye40psi uye regulator ye20-30psi PVC isati yamanikidzwa, saka pane chinhu chakanaka chekuchengetedza. Handizive kuti ichasangana sei neO2 Shandura simba.
Kumanikidzwa kweSCH40 kwakapetwa kakawanda kupfuura kumanikidzwa kwakayerwa - zvichienderana nedhayamita. Pombi ye3-inch inenge 850 psi, uye pombi ye6-inch inenge 500 psi. 1/2 inch inenge 2000 psi. Wedzera kaviri nhamba yeSCH80. Ndokusaka PVC tennis launcher isingaputike - yakawanda. Kuiwedzera kusvika pakuva imba yekupisa ye6 kana 8 inch kunowedzera rombo rako. Asi kazhinji, nharaunda yevapambi inowanzo deredza simba remapurasitiki. https://www.pvcfittingsonline.com/resource-center/strength-of-pvc-pipe-with-strength-chart/
Ndingada kuderedza kugona kwemudzidzi kushandisa mafireworks (uye pamwe kuchena). Musika wezvemitambo unowanzo tenga masilinda eoxygen ekurapa akarega basa. Ndiyo yaive pfungwa yangu yekutanga, asi mutengo wekit + BOM waipfuura mutengo weyuniti yekurapa yakarega basa.
Injini yemotokari ine marita maviri inogona kushandisa okisijeni marita 9,000 paminiti (high speed), saka marita 15 paminiti yeokisijeni ipfupi kanenge ka600. , Ichi chishandiso chakanaka. Ndakatenga ma concentrator akati wandei akagadziriswa emarita mashanu paminiti nemadhora mazana matatu ($300) imwe neimwe (mutengo unoita seuri kukwira). Inoburitsa marita mashanu paminiti. Mawatts mazana mashoma anoshandiswa, saka zvinofungidzirwa kuti marita 9000 paminiti (yekuvaraidza chete) inoda anenge 360 ​​kW (480 hp).
Nekuti nzira yavo yakanyorwa neboka reBerlin. (Verenga imwe chete uye uchawana nyeredzi yegoridhe.)
Tarisa webhusaiti yekambani… zvakanaka, zvirevo zviri muchitoro chavo hazvina kujeka, asi vachakutengesa mapaundi mashanu nemadhora makumi manomwe nemashanu. Saka ngatitarisei github. Usadaro. Hapana BOM ipapo.
Tine dhizaini yemagetsi inovhura source inogona kukuudza mavakirwo ayo pachinzvimbo pekuti ungaizadza sei. Ini ndinodana nzvimbo iyi kuti hapana ruzivo rwakakosha. Zvinoita sekuti hunhu hunomutsa tsiye… zvinonakidza.
OxiKit vakataura mumashoko avo pane imwe yemavhidhiyo avo (ayo andakabatanidza munyaya iyi, anonzi IIRC) kuti iyi i sodium zeolite.
Kungofanana nedzimwe nzira dzekushandisa sefa, unoudza mugadziri zvaunoda kuishandisa, kwete kuti ndeipi. Nekuti zvakafanana, asi nzvimbo yacho yakasiyana.
MaO2 concentrators anowanzo shandisa 13X zeolite 0.4 mm-0.8 mm kana JLOX 101 zeolite, yechipiri ndiyo inodhura zvakanyanya. Pandakavakazve craigslist o2 concentrator, ndakashandisa 13X. Mwenje wegirini unogara wakabatidzwa, saka kuchena kweO2 kunenge 94%.

https://catalysts.basf.com/files/literature-library/BASF_13X-Molecular-Sieve_Datasheet_Rev.08-2020.pdf

Masefa e5A (5 angstrom) emolecular sefa anogonawo kushandiswa. Ini ndinofunga kuti haasaruri zvakanyanya nitrogen, asi achiri kugona kushandiswa.
Pane animation yakanaka paWikipedia inogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa mashandiro emudziyo: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Pressure_swing_adsorption_principle.svg I compressed air input A adsorption O oxygen Output D desorption E exhaust
Kana zeolite column yava kuda kuzara nenitrogen, mavharuvhu ese anotenderedzwa kuti abudise nitrogen yakanyudzwa necolumn.
Ndatenda zvikuru netsananguro yenyu pfupi. Ndagara ndichifunga kana muchina wekugadzira nitrogen uchigona kushandiswa mumapurojekiti ekugadzira nitrogen kumba. Saka, marara anobuda mu oxygen concentrator anenge ari nitrogen: yakakwana, ndichaishandisa panzvimbo yangu yekusonerera isina lead.
Zvechokwadi, kune vasina kudzidza, zvinobatsira zvikuru kukwanisa kushandura mhepo kuita oxygen yakachena uye nitrogen yakachena. Ndinoda kuziva kana muchigona kushandisa "nitrogen yakawanda" segasi rekudzivirira pakunamira.
Kune TIG (inozivikanwawo seGTAW), sezvo plasma plume ichinyanya kunzwa, handina chokwadi. Gasi reArgon rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya, dzimwe nguva negasi diki rehelium kuti ripinde muzvinhu zvakaita sealuminium netitanium. Kuyerera kwaro kunenge 6 kusvika 8l/min, izvo zvingave zvakakura zvakanyanya kune compressor yakajairwa.
Pakushongedza, zvinofanirwa kunge kuti mabhuroko makuru ezviteshi zvekushongedza anotengesa gasi rekuchengetedza nitrogen kuti rigadzirwe nerohs, asi mutengo wekiti uri pakati pe1-2k euros. Mwero wekuyerera kwavo ungangoita 1l/​min, izvo zvakakodzera kwazvo kumasefa emamorekuru. Saka ngatiunganidzei hardware toita soldering isina lead kumba!
Vanowedera vanoda kukwanisa kushandisa nitrogen yakachena segasi rekudzivirira. Yakachipa pane argon kana helium yakachipa. Zvinosuwisa kuti inogadzirisa zvakakwana pakupisa kunosvikwa nearc uye inowanzoita ma nitride asingadiwe muweld.
Inoshandiswa pakushongedza gasi rekudzivirira, asi huwandu hushoma chete ndihwo hunogona kuchinja hunhu hweweld.
Zviri pachena kuti zvinokwanisika kuishandisa mukushongedza nelaser, asi kunyangwe chigadzirwa chakashongedzerwa zvakanaka chingasave nebasa iri.
Saka, mudzidziso, kanenge PSA imwe chete inogona kushandiswa kuderedza nitrogen, uye imwe PSA (ichishandisa imwe zeolite) kuderedza okisijeni, zvichisiya huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvisiri okisijeni kana nitrogen.
Kana wakarurama, ipapo, ndinokukurudzira kuti uvhare mhepo wozoidurura kuti uparadzanise gasi raunoda/rausingadi.
@Foldi-A poindi inopetwa kana tichitarisa simba rinopinda uye gasi rinobuda. Ndinobvumirana zvizere kuti kushanda zvakanaka kuchave kwakanyanya nekuti unogona kushandisa evaporation kuti utonhore usati watanga.
Asi padiki diki, muchava necompressor imwe chete, nhare ina dze zeolite uye mavharuvhu akawanda emagetsi uye mutengo wekutanga we controller yakachipa (The Brain), yandinofunga kuti ichave yakaderera.
@irox anogona kuenzanisa nepfungwa, asi hapana munhu anoshandisa marita maviri eokisijeni achakurumidza kufa/kuora asina kuwana okisijeni. Kuti tienzanise, varwere vedu veICU vane kuyerera kwakanyanya kweropa nekuda kweCOVID, vanowana 45-55L kana FIO2 iri 60-90%. Ava ndivo varwere vedu "vakagadzikana". Kana pasina kuyerera kwakanyanya kweropa, vachakurumidza kuora, asi havazorwari zvakanyanya zvekuti tichaiswa machubhu. Uchaona nhamba dzakafanana kana dzakakwira dzevamwe varwere veARDS kana mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu akawanda anoda kannula yemhino yakakura kupfuura kannula yemhino yakajairika.
Kune ini, kushandiswa kwayo ibasa guru. Izvi zvinogona kuchengetedza varwere vaviri vari padanho rekumanikidzwa re6-8 L, inova nzvimbo ine kuyerera kwakanyanya pamusoro pecannula yemhino kana NIPPV. Ndinoda kutaura kuti izvi zvinoshanda zvikuru kuchipatara chidiki chine oxygen shoma, uye zvinogona kupa rubatsiro rwekurapa kuvarwere vane zvirwere zvisingaperi mumamiriro ekunze kwenguva pfupi.
Murwere anonwa marita matanhatu (kana 45-55 malita) eokisijeni paminiti, kana kuti inorasika zvishoma, yoburitswa kunze kwemhepo kana chimwe chinhu here?
Ruzivo rwangu/ruzivo rwangu inongova nzira shoma yekutsigira hupenyu hwevanhu vane hutano (ine carbon dioxide yabviswa uye inenge marita maviri ecarbon dioxide yakawedzerwa pamunhu paminiti), saka nekuda kwehuwandu hwekushandiswa kwemishonga, izvi zvinovhura maziso!
Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti vari kutora okisijeni, nekuti mapapu avo anenge akamanikana zvikuru pavanotora okisijeni. Saka, kana tichienzanisa nezvinodiwa nepfungwa dzemuviri wemunhu, mutengo wacho wakakwira zvikuru, nekuti kutaura chokwadi, vanhu vashoma vanopinda.
Handizive kana munhu akataura ari iye akagadzira, asi izvi hazvienderane nenzira yaakatsanangura. Masefa emolecular ne zeolites hazvibati N2, zvinogona kubata O2. Kuti ubate N2, unoda nitrogen absorber, inova mhuka yakasiyana zvachose. Sefa inobata O2 pasi pekumanikidzwa uku nitrogen ichiramba ichipfuura nepakati. Izvi zvinofanira kunge zvakarurama, nekuti paunosunungura pressure woishandisa kudira N2 mune imwe column, hazvina musoro kuedza kubvisa N2 neN2. . Aya ma pressure swing adsorption units (PSA), anoshanda nekubata O2. Kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye ma cylinders makuru zvinogona kuunza kushanda kwakanyanya (ma cylinders mana ane kushanda kusvika ku85%). Izvi zvinobatanidza O2, asi hazvishande sezvaanotaura (kana kuti nyaya yacho inoti)
Unofanira kupa ruzivo rwaunoda, nekuti unogona kunyudza N2 zvachose pa13X ne5A zeolite molecular sieves. http://www.phys.ufl.edu/REU/2008/reports/magee.pdf
Chinyorwa cheWikipedia PSA chinosimbisawo kuti zeolite inonwisa nitrogen. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_swing_adsorption#Process
"Zvisinei, yakachipa zvikuru pane yekutengeserana." Sezvo BOM ichidarika $1,000, zvinondiomera kutsigira chirevo ichi. Mari yezvinhu zvemidziyo yemumba (isingatakuriki) yekutengeserana inodhura inosvika 1/3, iri nyore kuwana, uye haidi vashandi. Ndinoziva kuti 17LPM yakanaka, asi hapana munhu ari kunze kwechipatara achakumbira traffic yakadaro. Chero ani zvake ane chikumbiro chakadaro ari kuda kubuda kana kuvharwa nechubhu.
Ehe, iri ipurojekiti yakanaka, asi hongu, kushanda kwayo zvakanaka hakuna kukosha zvakanyanya. MuAustralia, michina mitsva ye10l/pm inongodhura $1500AUD chete. Kana tikafunga kuti $1000 imadhora ekuAmerica, izvi zvinoderedza mari yekutenga michina mitsva.
Denda risati rasvika, ndakatenga imwe pa eBay nemutengo we £160 ine 1.5 litres paminiti nemutengo we98%. Uye chinhu ichi chakanyarara kupfuura ichi! Nenzira iyi, unogona kurara zvechokwadi.
Asi zvandataura izvozvo, iri ibasa guru. Isa mukamuri riri pedyo nepombi refu kudzivirira ruzha nenjodzi dzekuputika…
Ndinoda kuziva kana zvichikwanisika kuti muishandise senzvimbo ine nitrogen yakachena, munzvimbo dzinodzivirira kana kutosanganisa zvinhu?
Ko matai ane nitrogen yakawanda sei? Tichifunga nezvemari yavanobhadharisa pabasa iri, nitrogen inofanira kunge inodhura zvikuru…
Danho rinotevera ringave rinonakidza - tora zvinobuda mu concentrator iyi woparadzanisa musanganiswa we95% O2 + 5% Ar. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekupatsanurwa kwe kinetic uchishandisa CMS molecular sieve muPSA system. Wobva waisa pombi ye 150 bar kuti uzadze argon silinda.
Zvino, tinongoda mumwe munhu anoita maitiro eLinde kumba kuti tinakirwe chaizvo.
Nekushandisa webhusaiti yedu nemasevhisi, unobvumirana pachena kuti tinoisa ma cookies ekushanda, mashandiro uye ekushambadzira. Dzidza zvakawanda