Kubatanidza vanoita sarudzo kune network ine simba yeruzivo, vanhu uye mazano, Bloomberg inopa ruzivo rwebhizinesi nezvemari, nhau uye nzwisiso pasi rese nekukurumidza uye nekururama
Kubatanidza vanoita sarudzo kune network ine simba yeruzivo, vanhu uye mazano, Bloomberg inopa ruzivo rwebhizinesi nezvemari, nhau uye nzwisiso pasi rese nekukurumidza uye nekururama
PepsiCo neCoca-Cola vakavimbisa kuti havazobudisi utsi hwemhepo mumakumi emakore anotevera, asi kuti vazadzise zvinangwa zvavo, vanofanira kugadzirisa dambudziko ravakabatsira kuunza: mwero wekusadzokorodza zvinhu muUnited States.
Coca-Cola, Pepsi naKeurig Dr Pepper pavakaverenga kuburitswa kwecarbon muna 2020, mhedzisiro yacho yaishamisa: Makambani matatu makuru ezvinwiwa zvisina kudhakwa pasi rose pamwe chete akaburitsa matani mamiriyoni zana nemakumi maviri nerimwe emagasi e endothermic mumhepo - zvichideredza mamiriro ese ekunze eBelgium.
Iye zvino, makambani makuru esoda ari kuvimbisa kuvandudza mamiriro ekunze zvakanyanya. Pepsi neCoca-Cola vakavimbisa kuti havazobudisi mweya wese mukati memakumi emakore anotevera, ukuwo Dr Pepper vakavimbisa kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemamiriro ekunze ne15% panosvika gore ra2030.
Asi kuti vafambire mberi zvine musoro pazvinangwa zvavo zvemamiriro ekunze, makambani ezvinwiwa anofanira kutanga akunda dambudziko ravakabatsira kuunza: mwero wekusadzokorodza zvinhu muUnited States.
Zvinoshamisa kuti kugadzirwa kwemabhodhoro epurasitiki kwakawanda ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kukonzera kushata kwemamiriro ekunze muindasitiri yezvinwiwa. Mapurasitiki mazhinji ipolyethylene terephthalate, kana kuti "PET," ayo zvikamu zvinobva mumafuta negasi rechisikigo uye zvinozopfuura nenzira dzakawanda dzinoshandisa simba rakawanda.
Gore rega rega, makambani ezvinwiwa ekuAmerica anogadzira mabhodhoro epurasitiki anosvika mabhiriyoni zana kuti atengese soda dzavo, mvura, zvinwiwa zvinopa simba uye majusi. Pasi rose, Coca-Cola Company yega yakagadzira mabhodhoro epurasitiki anosvika mabhiriyoni zana nemakumi maviri nemashanu gore rapera—anenge zviuru zvina pasekondi. Kugadzirwa nekuraswa kwepurasitiki iyi yakaita seyemafashamo kunotora 30 muzana yecarbon footprint yeCoca-Cola, kana kuti matani angangoita mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu pagore. Izvozvo zvakafanana nekusvibiswa kwemamiriro ekunze kunobva kune imwe yemagetsi ane tsvina kwazvo anoshandiswa nemarara.
Zvinokonzerawo marara anoshamisa. Sekureva kweNational Association of PET Container Resources (NAPCOR), panosvika gore ra2020, 26.6% chete yemabhodhoro ePET muUnited States achashandiswazve, nepo mamwe ese achapiswa, oiswa mumarara kana kuraswa semarara. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika, mamiriro acho ezvinhu akanyanya kuipa. MuMiami-Dade County, dunhu rine vanhu vakawanda muFlorida, bhodhoro rimwe chete pa100 repurasitiki rinodzokororwazve. Kazhinji, mwero wekudzokororwa kwezvekushandisa muUS wave uri pasi pe30% kwemakore mazhinji makumi maviri apfuura, uri pasi pedzimwe nyika dzakawanda dzakadai seLithuania (90%), Sweden (86%) neMexico (53%). "US ndiyo nyika inonyanya kupambadza," akadaro Elizabeth Barkan, director weNorth America operations kuReloop Platform, sangano risingabatsiri rinorwisa kusvibiswa kwemapakeji.
Marara ese aya mukana mukuru unorasika wemamiriro ekunze. Kana mabhodhoro epurasitiki emasoda akadzokororwa, anoshanduka kuita zvinhu zvitsva zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira makapeti, mbatya, midziyo yekubikisa, uye kunyange mabhodhoro matsva emasoda. Sekureva kweongororo yakaitwa neFranklin Associates, mabhodhoro ePET akagadzirwa nepurasitiki yakadzokororwa anogadzira 40 muzana chete yemagasi anobvisa kupisa anogadzirwa nemabhodhoro akagadzirwa nepurasitiki isina kuchena.
Vachiona mukana wakanaka wekutengesa zvinwiwa zvisina doro, makambani ezvinwiwa zvisina doro ari kuvimbisa kushandisa PET yakawanda inoshandiswazve mumabhodhoro avo. Coca-Cola, Dr Pepper naPepsi vakazvipira kutenga chikamu chimwe muzvina chepurasitiki yavo kubva pazvinhu zvakadzokororwa panosvika gore ra2025, uye Coca-Cola naPepsi vakazvipira kutenga chikamu chimwe muzvina chepurasitiki yavo kubva pazvinhu zvakadzokororwa panosvika gore ra2025, uye Coca-Cola naPepsi vakazvipira kutenga chikamu che50 muzana panosvika gore ra2030. (Nhasi, Coca-Cola iri pa13.6%, Keurig Dr Pepper Inc. iri pa11% uye PepsiCo iri pa6%.)
Asi nhoroondo isina kunaka yenyika yekushandiswazve kwepurasitiki zvinoreva kuti hapana mabhodhoro akakwana akawanikwa kuti makambani ezvinwiwa asvike pazvinangwa zvavo. NAPCOR inofungidzira kuti huwandu hwezvinoshandiswazve muUS hwakagara kwenguva refu hunofanira kupetwa kaviri panosvika 2025 uye kupetwa kaviri panosvika 2030 kuti zviwanikwe zvakakwana kune makambani eindasitiri. "Chinhu chakakosha zvikuru kuwanikwa kwemabhodhoro," akadaro Alexandra Tennant, nyanzvi yezvekushandisazve mapurasitiki kuWood Mackenzie Ltd.
Asi indasitiri yezvinwiwa zvisina doro ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kushomeka kwezvinwiwa izvi. Indasitiri iyi yanga ichirwira zvakasimba kwemakumi emakore pamusoro pezvirongwa zvekuwedzera kudzokororwa kwemakontena. Semuenzaniso, kubvira muna 1971, matunhu gumi akaisa mutemo wekuti mabhiri emabhodhoro anowedzera dhipoziti ye5-cent kana 10-cent kumakontena ezvinwiwa. Vatengi vanobhadhara mari yakawanda pakutanga uye vanodzoserwa mari yavo pavanodzosera bhodhoro. Kukoshesa makontena asina chinhu kunotungamira kuhuwandu hwakakwira hwekudzokororwa: Sekureva kwesangano risingabatsiri reContainer Recycling Institute, mabhodhoro ePET anodzokororwa 57 muzana mumakontena ega ega uye 17 muzana mune mamwe matunhu.
Pasinei nekubudirira kwayo kuri pachena, makambani ezvinwiwa ave achishanda pamwe chete nemamwe maindasitiri, akadai sezvitoro zvezvikafu nevatengesi vemarara, kwemakumi emakore kuti vabvise mazano akafanana mune mamwe matunhu akawanda, vachiti masisitimu ekuisa mari muzvitoro haasi mhinduro inoshanda, uye mutero usina kururama unodzivirira kutengeswa kwezvigadzirwa zvayo uye unokanganisa hupfumi. Kubva Hawaii yapasisa bhiri rayo rekuisa mabhodhoro muna 2002, hapana chirongwa chehurumende chakapona kushorwa kwakadaro. "Zvinovapa mutoro mutsva wavakadzivisa mune mamwe matunhu makumi mana aya," akadaro Judith Enck, purezidhendi weBeyond Plastics uye aimbova mukuru wedunhu reUS Environmental Protection Agency. "Havadi mari yekuwedzera."
Coca-Cola, Pepsi naDr. Pepper vese vakataura vachipindura kuti vari kuda kutanga kugadzira mapakeji ekuderedza marara uye kudzokorodza magaba akawanda. Kunyange hazvo vakuru veindasitiri vachibvuma kuti vanga vachipikisa mutemo wekuiswa mumabhodhoro kwemakore, vanoti vakachinja nzira uye vakavhurika kune mhinduro dzese dzinogona kuitika kuti vazadzise zvinangwa zvavo. "Tiri kushanda nevatinoshanda navo mukuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza nevamiriri vemitemo munyika yese vanobvumirana kuti mamiriro ezvinhu aripo haagamuchirwi uye tinogona kuita zviri nani," William DeMaudie, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wezveveruzhinji weAmerican Beverage Industry Group, akadaro mumashoko akanyorwa ekuti Say.
Zvisinei, vamiriri vazhinji vemitemo vari kushanda kugadzirisa dambudziko riri kukura remarara epurasitiki vachiri kusangana nekupikiswa neindasitiri yezvinwiwa. "Zvavanotaura ndizvo zvavanotaura," akadaro Sarah Love, mumiriri weMaryland Legislature. Munguva pfupi yapfuura vakaunza mutemo wekukurudzira kudzokorodza zvinhu nekuwedzera dhipoziti yemasendi gumi mumabhodhoro ezvinwiwa." Vaipesana nazvo, vaisada. Pane kudaro, vakavimbisa kuti hapana aizovatonga."
Kune inenge chikamu chimwe muzvina chemabhodhoro epurasitiki anodzokororwa kuUS, akaputirwa mumabhero akasungwa zvakasimba, rimwe nerimwe rakakura semota diki, uye anotumirwa kufekitori iri kuVernon, California, chinhu chisina kunaka. Nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri dziri kure nezvivakwa zvinopenya zveguta reLos Angeles.
Pano, muchivako chikuru chemapako chakaenzana ne hangar yendege, rPlanet Earth inogamuchira mabhodhoro ePET akamboshandiswa anosvika mabhiriyoni maviri gore rega rega kubva kumapurogiramu ekudzokorodza zvinhu mudunhu rese. Pakati pekurira kukuru kwemainjini emaindasitiri, mabhodhoro airira paakanga achisvetuka-svetuka makiromita matatu mumabhandi ekufambisa zvinhu uye achipinda mumafekitori, kwaairongwa, kuchekwa-chekwa, kugezwa uye kunyungudutswa. Mushure memaawa angangoita makumi maviri, mapurasitiki akadzokororwa akauya muchimiro chemakapu matsva, magaba edeli, kana "matangi eprefab," magaba akaenzana nechubhu yekuyedza akazoputirwa mumabhodhoro epurasitiki.
Mukamuri remusangano rine kapeti rakatarisa pasi rakakura uye risina kuzara nevanhu refekitori iyi, CEO weRPlanet Earth, Bob Daviduk, akati kambani iyi inotengesa ma preform ayo kumakambani anoisa mabhodhoro, ayo anoshandiswa nemakambani aya kurongedza zvinwiwa zvikuru. Asi akaramba kudoma vatengi chaivo, achivati ​​vane ruzivo rwebhizinesi rwakavanzika.
Kubva pakatanga fekitari iyi muna 2019, David Duke akakurukura pachena nezvechishuwo chake chekuvaka dzimwe nzvimbo nhatu dzekudzokorodza mapurasitiki kune dzimwe nzvimbo muUnited States. Asi fekitari yega yega inodhura mamiriyoni mazana maviri emadhora, uye rPlanet Earth haisati yasarudza nzvimbo yefekitari yayo inotevera. Dambudziko guru nderekuti kushomeka kwemabhodhoro epurasitiki akadzokororwa kunoita kuti zviome kuwana zvinhu zvakavimbika uye zvinokwanisika. "Ndicho chipingamupinyi chikuru," akadaro. "Tinoda zvinhu zvakawanda."
Zvipikirwa zveindasitiri yezvinwiwa zvinogona kukundikana mafekitori akawanda asati avakwa. "Tiri mudambudziko guru," akadaro Omar Abuaita, mukuru weEvergreen Recycling, iyo inoshanda nemafekitori mana kuNorth America uye inoshandura mabhodhoro ePET akashandiswa anosvika mabhiriyoni gumi nerimwe gore rega rega kuita resin yepurasitiki inoshandiswazve, mazhinji acho anozopedzisira aiswa mubhodhoro idzva. "Unowana kupi zvinhu zvaunoda?"
Mabhodhoro ezvinwiwa zvisina doro haana kurongerwa kuva dambudziko guru remamiriro ekunze sezvaari nhasi. Makore zana apfuura, vagadziri vemabhodhoro eCoca-Cola ndivo vakatanga nzira yekutanga yekuisa mari, vachibhadharisa sendi imwe chete kana maviri pabhodhoro regirazi. Vatengi vanodzoserwa mari yavo pavanodzosera bhodhoro kuchitoro.
Pakupera kwema1940, mwero wekudzoka kwemabhodhoro ezvinwiwa zvisina doro muUnited States wakasvika pa96%. Sekureva kwebhuku raBartow J. Elmore, munyori wezvezvakatipoteredza weOhio State University rinonzi Citizen Coke, avhareji yenhamba yekuenda nekudzoka kwebhodhoro regirazi reCoca-Cola kubva kumushandisi webhodhoro kuenda kumushandisi webhodhoro mumakore gumi iwayo yaive ka22.
Coca-Cola nedzimwe kambani dzinogadzira zvinwiwa zvisina doro dzakatanga kushandisa magaba esimbi neearuminiyamu muma1960—uye, gare gare, mabhodhoro epurasitiki, ayo ari kwose kwose nhasi—dambudziko remarara rakazotevera rakakonzera kusawirirana. Kwemakore, varatidziri vanga vachikurudzira vatengi kuti vatumire magaba avo asina chinhu esoda kuna sachigaro weCoca-Cola nemashoko ekuti “Dzosai muzoshandisa zvakare!”
Makambani ezvinwiwa akarwisa nebhuku remitambo raizove ravo kwemakumi emakore anotevera. Panzvimbo pekutora mutoro wehuwandu hwakawanda hwemarara hunouya nekutamira kwavo kumakontena anoshandiswa kamwe chete, vakashanda nesimba kuti vagadzire pfungwa yekuti ibasa reveruzhinji. Semuenzaniso, Coca-Cola yakatanga mushandirapamwe wekushambadza mukutanga kwema1970 wairatidza mukadzi wechidiki akanaka achikotama kuti atore marara. "Kotama zvishoma," yakakurudzira imwe bhodhibhodhi yakadaro yakanyorwa nemabhii matema. "Chengeta America yakasvibirira uye yakachena."
Indasitiri iyi yakabatanidza shoko iroro nekushora mutemo wekuedza kugadzirisa kuvhiringidzika kuri kukura. Muna 1970, vavhoti mudunhu reWashington vakada kupasisa mutemo wekurambidza mabhodhoro asingadzoserwe, asi vakarasikirwa nemavhoti avo pakati pekupikiswa nevanogadzira zvinwiwa. Gore rakatevera, Oregon yakaisa mutemo wekutanga webhodhoro munyika, ichiwedzera mari ye5-cent deposit yemabhodhoro, uye gweta guru rehurumende rakashamiswa nenyonganyonga yezvematongerwo enyika: "Handisati ndamboona zvido zvakawanda zvakadaro zvichipesana nekumanikidzwa kwakawanda kubva kumunhu mumwe chete. Mabhiri," akadaro.
Muna 1990, Coca-Cola yakazivisa chisungo chekutanga pane zvakawanda zvakapihwa nekambani yezvinwiwa zvekuwedzera kushandiswa kwepurasitiki inoshandiswazve mumagaba ayo, pakati pekunetseka kuri kukura pamusoro pekudururwa kwemarara. Yakavimbisa kutengesa mabhodhoro akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakadzokororwa zve25 muzana - mari imwe chete yavakavimbisa nhasi, uye kambani yezvinwiwa zvinonwiwa zvinonwiwa ikozvino inoti vachasvika pachinangwa ichocho panosvika 2025, makore angangoita 35 gare gare pane chinangwa cheCoca-Cola chekutanga.
Kambani yezvinwiwa iyi yave ichipa zvipikirwa zvitsva zvisina kunaka makore mashoma ega ega mushure mekunge Coca-Cola yakundikana kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvayo zvepakutanga, ichitaura nezvekudhura kwakanyanya kwepurasitiki yakadzokororwa. Coca-Cola yakavimbisa muna 2007 kuti ichadzokororwa kana kushandisazve 100 muzana yemabhodhoro ayo ePET muUS, nepo PepsiCo yakati muna 2010 kuti yaizowedzera huwandu hwekudzokororwa kwemabhodhoro ezvinwiwa muUS kusvika 50 muzana panosvika 2018. Zvinangwa izvi zvakanyaradza varwiri vezvematongerwo enyika uye zvakawana nhau dzakanaka, asi maererano neNAPCOR, huwandu hwekudzokororwa kwemabhodhoro ePET hausati hwadzikira, huchikwira zvishoma kubva pa24.6% muna 2007 kusvika pa29.1% muna 2010 kusvika pa26.6% muna 2020. "Chimwe chezvinhu zvavanogona pakushandisazve inhau," akadaro Susan Collins, director weContainer Recycling Institute.
Vakuru veCoca-Cola vakataura mumashoko avo akanyorwa kuti kukanganisa kwavo kwekutanga "kunotipa mukana wekudzidza" uye kuti vane chivimbo chekuzadzisa zvinangwa zveramangwana. Chikwata chavo chekutenga chiri kuita "musangano wenzira" wekuongorora kuwanikwa kwePET yakadzokororwa pasi rose, izvo zvavanoti zvichavabatsira kunzwisisa zvirambidzo uye kugadzira hurongwa. PepsiCo haina kupindura mibvunzo nezvezvipikirwa zvayo zvisati zvazadzikiswa, asi vakuru vakataura mumashoko avo akanyorwa kuti "icharamba ichikurudzira hunyanzvi mukupakira uye kutsigira mitemo yakangwara inokurudzira kutenderera uye kuderedza marara."
Kumukira kwemakumi emakore muindasitiri yezvinwiwa kunoita sekunge kwagadzirira kupera muna 2019. Sezvo makambani ezvinwiwa zvisina doro achiisa zvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze zvine chinangwa, hazvigoneke kufuratira kusvibiswa kwemhepo kunobva mukushandiswa kwavo kwakawanda kwepurasitiki isina kugadzirwa. Mumashoko avo kuThe New York Times gore iroro, American Beverages yakaratidza kekutanga kuti ingave ichida kutsigira mutemo wekuisa mari mumakontena.
Mwedzi mishomanana gare gare, Katherine Lugar, CEO weAmerican Beverages, akataura pachena muhurukuro yake pamusangano weindasitiri yekurongedza, achizivisa kuti indasitiri iyi yaipedza nzira yayo yekupikisa mutemo wakadaro. "Muchanzwa manzwi akasiyana zvikuru kubva kuindasitiri yedu," akapika. Kunyange zvazvo vakambopikisa mabhiri ekuiswa mumabhodhoro kare, akatsanangura kuti, "hamusi kuzotinzwa 'kwete' zvachose ikozvino." Makambani ezvinwiwa akaisa 'zvinangwa zvakasimba' zvekuderedza kukanganiswa kwavo nezvakatipoteredza, vanofanira kudzokorodza mabhodhoro akawanda. "Zvese zvinofanirwa kunge zviri patafura," akadaro.
Sekunge vachisimbisa nzira itsva iyi, vakuru veCoca-Cola, Pepsi, Dr. Pepper neAmerican Beverage vakaungana padivi nepadivi pachikuva chakagadzirwa nemureza weAmerica muna Gumiguru 2019. Ipapo vakazivisa "basa idzva rekubudirira" rinonzi "Bhodhoro Rese" rakadzoserwa. Makambani aya akavimbisa $100 miriyoni mumakore gumi anotevera ekuvandudza masisitimu ekudzokorodza marara munharaunda muUS. Mari iyi ichaenzaniswa ne $300 miriyoni kubva kune vanoisa mari vekunze uye mari yehurumende. Rutsigiro urwu "runosvika hafu yebhiriyoni" USD" ruchawedzera kudzokorodza marara ePET ne80 miriyoni mapaundi pagore uye ruchabatsira makambani aya kuderedza kushandiswa kwavo kwepurasitiki isina kuchena.
American Beverage yakaburitsa chiziviso cheTV chaiperekedza icho chine vashandi vatatu vane simba vakapfeka yunifomu dzeCoca-Cola, Pepsi naDr. Pepper vakamira mupaki yakasvibira yakakomberedzwa nemaruva nemiti. "Mabhodhoro edu akagadzirwa kuti agadziriswe," akadaro mushandi wePepsi achifara, achiwedzera kuti mutauro wake unoyeuchidza meseji yenguva refu yemuindasitiri yekutarisira vatengi: "Ndapota tibatsireiwo kuti tidzoserwe bhodhoro rega rega." Chiziviso ichi chemasekondi makumi matatu, chakatanga Super Bowl isati yatanga gore rapera, chave chichionekwa ka1,500 paterevhizheni yenyika uye chakadhura mari inosvika mamiriyoni mashanu emadhora, sekureva kweiSpot.tv, kambani inoyera zviziviso zveTV.
Pasinei nekuchinja kwemashoko ari kuitika muindasitiri, hapana chakaitwa kuwedzera zvakanyanya huwandu hwepurasitiki inoshandiswazve. Semuenzaniso, indasitiri iyi yakangopa mari inosvika mamiriyoni manomwe nemazana mapfumbamwe emadhora ($7.9 miriyoni) muzvikwereti nemari dzerubatsiro kusvika pari zvino, zvichienderana neongororo yakaitwa neBloomberg Green iyo yaisanganisira kubvunzurudzwa nevakawanda vanogamuchira.
Zvechokwadi, vazhinji vevaya vakagamuchira mari iyi vanofarira zvikuru. Mushandirapamwe uyu wakapa rubatsiro rwemadhora zviuru zana nemakumi matanhatu nematanhatu ($166,000) kuBig Bear, California, iri makiromita zana kumabvazuva kweLos Angeles, zvichibatsira kubhadhara chikamu chimwe muzvina chemari yekuvandudza dzimba zviuru gumi nezviviri kuita mota huru dzekudzokorodza. Pakati pemhuri dzinoshandisa ngoro huru idzi, mwero wekudzokorodza wakakwira ne50 muzana, sekureva kwaJon Zamorano, director wemarara akasimba kuBig Bear. "Zvakabatsira zvikuru," akadaro.
Dai makambani ezvinwiwa zvisina doro aizogovera avhareji yemadhora zana emamiriyoni mumakore gumi, aifanira kunge agovera mamiriyoni makumi maviri nemanomwe emadhora pari zvino. Asi, mamiriyoni manomwe nehafu emadhora akaenzana nepurofiti yakabatanidzwa yemakambani matatu ezvinwiwa zvisina doro mumaawa matatu.
Kunyangwe mushandirapamwe uyu ukazosvika pachinangwa chawo chekudzokorodza maPET ekuwedzera emamiriyoni makumi masere emapaunzi pagore, zvichawedzera huwandu hwekudzokorodza mabhodhoro emuUS neanopfuura chikamu chimwe chete muzana. "Kana vachida zvechokwadi kudzoserwa mabhodhoro ese, isa mari pabhodhoro rega rega," akadaro Judith Enck weBeyond Plastics.
Asi indasitiri yezvinwiwa iri kuramba ichinetsekana nemabhiri mazhinji emabhodhoro, kunyangwe ichangobva kutaura kuti yakavhurika kune mhinduro idzi. Kubva pakutaura kwaLugar makore maviri nehafu apfuura, indasitiri iyi yakambomira kurongedza mazano mumatunhu anosanganisira Illinois, New York neMassachusetts. Gore rapfuura, mumwe mumiriri weindasitiri yezvinwiwa akanyora pakati pevamiriri vemitemo veRhode Island achifunga nezvebhiri zvekuti mabhiri mazhinji emabhodhoro "haagone kunzi akabudirira maererano nekukanganisa kwawo nharaunda." (Uku kutsoropodza kusina chokwadi, sezvo mabhodhoro ane dhipoziti achidzoserwa kanopfuura katatu kakawanda kupfuura asina dhipoziti.)
Mune imwezve tsumo gore rapera, mumwe mutsigiri weindasitiri yezvinwiwa muMassachusetts akapikisa chikumbiro chekuwedzera mari inoiswa muhurumende kubva pamasendi mashanu (izvo zvisina kuchinja kubva payakavambwa makore makumi mana apfuura) kusvika padhireyi imwe chete. Vatsigiri vehurumende vakayambira kuti mari yakawanda kudaro inoiswa muhurumende ichakonzera nyonganyonga nekuti nyika dziri pedyo dzine mari shoma dzinoiswa muhurumende. Kusiyana uku kwaizokurudzira vatengi kuyambuka muganhu kunotenga zvinwiwa zvavo, zvichikonzera "kukanganisa kukuru pakutengesa" kune vatengesi vemabhodhoro muMassachusetts. (Izvozvo hazvirevi kuti indasitiri yezvinwiwa yakabatsira kugadzira musiyano uyu nekudzivisa mazano akafanana kubva kuvavakidzani ava.)
Dermody of American Beverages inodzivirira kufambira mberi kweindasitiri. Achitaura nezvechirongwa cheEvery Bottle Back, akati, "Chibvumirano chemadhora zana emamiriyoni chimwe chatinodada nacho zvikuru." Akawedzera kuti vakatozvipira kune mamwe maguta akati wandei asati azivisa, sezvo zvibvumirano izvozvo zvinogona kutora nguva kuti zvipedziswe." Dzimwe nguva unofanirwa kupinda mumatanho akawanda mumapurojekiti aya," akadaro DeMaudie. Pakubatanidza vagamuchiri ava vasina kuziviswa, vakazvipira mari inosvika mamiriyoni gumi nemana nehafu emadhora kumapurojekiti makumi maviri nemaviri kusvika pari zvino, akadaro.
Panguva imwe chete, Dermody akatsanangura kuti, indasitiri iyi haizongotsigire chero hurongwa hwekuisa mari chete; inofanira kugadzirwa zvakanaka uye inokodzera vatengi. "Hatipikisi kubhadharisa mari yemabhodhoro nemakani edu kuti tiwane hurongwa hunoshanda," akadaro. "Asi mari yacho inofanira kuenda kuhurongwa hunoshanda nenzira iyo munhu wese anoda kuti awane mukana wepamusoro wekudzoka."
Muenzaniso unowanzotaurwa naDermody nevamwe vari muindasitiri iyi ipurogiramu yekuisa mari muOregon, iyo yakachinja zvakanyanya kubva payakatanga makore makumi mashanu apfuura pakati pekupikiswa neindasitiri yezvinwiwa. Chirongwa ichi ikozvino chinotsigirwa nemari uye chinotungamirwa nevanogovera zvinwiwa—American Beverage inoti inotsigira nzira iyi—uye yakawana mwero wekudzoreredza kweinenge 90 muzana, pedyo neyakanakisa munyika.
Asi chikonzero chikuru chekukwira kwemari muOregon idhipoziti ye10-cent yechirongwa ichi, iyo yakabatana neMichigan seyakakura munyika. American Beverage haisati yataura rutsigiro rwezvirongwa zvekugadzira 10-cent deposits kune dzimwe nzvimbo, kusanganisira imwe yakagadzirwa nenzira inofarirwa neindasitiri.
Semuenzaniso, funga nezvemutemo wehurumende wekuisa mabhodhoro uri muMutemo weGet Out of Plastic, wakakurudzirwa nemumiriri weCalifornia Alan Lowenthal naSenator weOregon Jeff Merkley. Mutemo uyu unotevera muenzaniso weOregon nekuzvikudza, kusanganisira dhipoziti yemabhodhoro yegumi asi uchibvumira mabhizinesi akazvimirira kuti atungamirire hurongwa hwekuunganidza. Kunyange hazvo Dermody akati indasitiri yezvinwiwa iri kusvika kune vamiriri vemitemo, haina kutsigira danho iri.
Kune vashoma vanogadzira mapurasitiki anodzokorodza vanoshandura mabhodhoro ekare ePET kuita matsva, mhinduro iyi ndiyo mhinduro iri pachena. David Duke wePlanet Earth akati mari inochengeterwa 10-cent pabhodhoro munyika ino ichapeta kanenge katatu huwandu hwemabhodhoro anodzokorodzwa. Kuwedzera kukuru kwepurasitiki inodzokorodzwa kuchaita kuti makambani akawanda anodzokorodza awane mari uye avakwe. Mafekitori aya achagadzira mabhodhoro anodiwa zvikuru akagadzirwa nepurasitiki inodzokorodzwa - zvichibvumira hofori dzezvinwiwa kuderedza mafambiro ecarbon.
"Hazvina kuoma," akadaro David Duke, achifamba kubva pasi penzvimbo yakakura yekudzokorodza zvinhu kunze kweLos Angeles. "Unofanira kupa kukosha kwematangi aya."