Kuti ndisangane nezvinodiwa nemashoko mazana matatu uye ndiwedzere zvirimo, ndichawedzera mashandisirwo eupfu hwekaolin hwakachena zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana ekuputira, akadai semachira emugungwa uye machira emotokari. Ndichanyatsoongorora maitiro ekugadzira, kusanganisira matekinoroji ari kubuda uye matanho ekudzora mhando. Pamusoro pezvo, ndichawedzera tsananguro yecheni yekugovera nerutsigiro rwehunyanzvi nekuwedzera rumwe ruzivo nezvebasa revatengi uye mafambiro emusika.

Indasitiri yependi nependi inogara ichitsvaga pigments ne fillers zvinogona kuwedzera kuenderana kwemavara, kuwedzera hupenyu hwechigadzirwa, uye kugadzirisa mari yekushandisa. Mukutsvaga uku, upfu hwekaolin hwakachena hwakabuda sechinhu chinodiwa, huchishandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira machira, machira emaindasitiri, uye machira ehuni. Kusiyana netitanium dioxide (TiO₂), iyo inouya nemutengo wakakwira uye inogona kukanganisa nharaunda, upfu hwekaolin hwakachena hune kufukidza kunoshamisa, hunhu hwekupararira kwepamusoro, uye hunodzivirira mamiriro ekunze zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive imwe nzira inoshanda mune zvemari kana chinhu chinowedzera TiO₂ mukugadzira machira.

Kufukidza kunoshanda sechiratidzo chakakosha chekushanda kwemachira, sezvo kuchiratidza huwandu hwemachira anodiwa kuti awane ruvara rwakafanana uye anyatsovanza substrate. Upfu hwekaolin hwakachena zvakanyanya, hunoratidzwa neL* kukosha kwe ≥93%, hune chimiro chakafanana neplate. Kana hukaiswa mufirimu rekufukidza, zvidimbu izvi zvinopindirana, zvichigadzira denderedzwa rinovhara chiedza uye rinovhara kusarongeka kwepamusoro. Kana hukawedzerwa pahuwandu hwe10%-18% yehuremu hwese hwechira, pamwe chete ne acrylic kana epoxy resins, upfu uhwu hwekaolin hunogona kuwedzera kufukidzwa ne25%-35%. Muenzaniso chaiwo kubva kumugadziri wekugadzira wezvivakwa wekuChina unoratidza izvi zvakanaka: nekushandisa upfu uhwu mupendi yekunze yelatex pamadziro, vakakwanisa kufukidzwa zvizere pamadziro ekongiri nejasi rimwe chete, nesimba rekuviga re ≥98%. Kusiyana neizvi, pendi isina kaolin yaida machira maviri. Izvi hazvina kungokonzera kudzikiswa kwe30% mukushandiswa kwependi asiwo kuderedza mari yezvinhu nenguva yekuvaka. Munyaya yekupenda maindasitiri, senge ayo anoshandiswa pakugadzira michina yesimbi, kufukidza kwakanaka kweupfu hwekaolin kunobatsira kuviga mavanga pamusoro pesimbi. Izvi zvinoderedza kudiwa kwekushandisa sanding pre-coating, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira.

Kusashanda kwemamiriro ekunze kwakakosha zvikuru kune machira ekunze, ayo anogara achisangana nezvinhu zvakakomba zvezvakatipoteredza zvakaita semwaranzi yeUV, mvura inonaya, kushanduka kwekupisa, uye kusvibiswa kwemaindasitiri. Kusashanda kwemakemikari uye chimiro chakafanana neplate cheupfu hwekaolin hwakachena zvakanyanya zvinoshanda sechidziviriro, zvichidzivirira firimu rekufukidza kubva mukuora kunokonzerwa neUV. Zvidimbu zvayo zvine kugona kuratidza chiedza cheUV muhukuru hwe280-400 nm, zvichidzivirira kuti isapinde mufirimu uye kupwanya cheni dzepolymer. Kuyedzwa kwekukurumidza kwemamiriro ekunze kwakaitwa zvichienderana neASTM G154 kwakaratidza kuti machira ekunze eacrylic ane 15% kaolin powder akachengetedza 85% yekubwinya kwawo kwekutanga uye ruvara mushure memaawa 3000 ekuratidzwa. Mukuenzanisa, machira asina kaolin akakwanisa kuchengetedza 60% chete. Kune machira ehuni, akadai seaya anoshandiswa pamavarnish efenicha ekunze, kaolin powder inowedzera zvakanyanya kudzivirira mvura. Mapendi ane 12% kaolin powder akaratidza mwero wekunwa mvura we ≤5% mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemana ekunyudzwa, zvichienderana neASTM D1653 standards, nepo mapendi asina kugadziriswa aive nemwero wekunwa mvura we12%. Izvi zvinodzivirira huni kubva pakuzvimba nekukombama. Uyezve, kaolin powder inovandudza kusimba kwehuni dzekuvaka. Mapendi elatex ane 10% kaolin powder akakwanisa kutsungirira mapendi anodarika 5000 ekukwesha pasina kupera kana kusvuuka, zvichienderana neASTM D2486 standards, zvichienzaniswa nemapendi anodarika 2000 chete. Izvi zvinoita kuti akwanise kushandiswa munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda dzakadai sezvikoro nezvipatara.

Kugadzirwa kweupfu hwekaolin hwakachena zvakanyanya hweindasitiri yekuputira ibasa rinoitwa nekungwarira rinosanganisa matanho akawanda ekuchenesa nekubvisa bleach kuti pave nekupenya kwakanyanya uye kuchena. Rwendo rwunotanga nekaolin mbishi, iyo inotanga yagezwa kubvisa jecha nejecha. Zvadaro, nzira dzekuparadzanisa magnetic dzinoshandiswa kuderedza huwandu hwesimbi, nechinangwa chekuwana Fe₂O₃ level ye ≤0.2%. Kubvisa bleach idanho rakakosha, rinoitwa kuburikidza nekusanganiswa kwemakemikari ekupukuta senge hydrogen peroxide kana sodium dithionite, pamwe chete ne optical brighteners kuti kuwedzere kuchena. Mushure meizvi, kukuya kwakanyorova kunoitwa kuti pave nehukuru hwe D50 3-8 μm, hunoenderana nehukuru hwe mesh hwe 325-1250. Slurry inobuda inoseferwa uye inoomeswa patembiricha iri pakati pe 150-180°C kuti pave nehupfu hune hunyoro hwe ≤0.5%. Pakupedzisira, upfu hunoseferwa kuti pave nechokwadi chekupararira kwehukuru hwezvimedu zvakafanana. Pakuputira kwakavakirwa mumvura, mushonga wekuwedzera we hydrophilic unogona kushandiswa paupfu hwe kaolin kuti huwedzere kupararira kwayo mumvura.

Muchikamu chekufukidza gungwa, upfu hwekaolin hwakachena kwazvo hunoita basa rakakosha mukuwedzera hunhu hwemachira ekudzivirira ngura. Chimiro chayo chakafanana neplate chinoumba nzira inokombama yezvinokonzera ngura, zvichideredza kupinda kwavo mu substrate. Machira ekutakura ngarava ane kaolin powder aratidza hupenyu hwakareba hwebasa, zvichideredza kuwanda kwemabasa ekugadzirisa nekupenda patsva anodhura. Muindasitiri yekufukidza mota, kaolin powder inobatsira pakuwana kupera kwakatsetseka uye kwakaenzana. Inobatsira mukuderedza mhedzisiro yemaganda eorenji, kukanganisa kwakajairika mumapendi emotokari, uye inovandudza runako rwemotokari. Kuwedzerwa kaolin powder kunowedzerawo kuomarara uye kuramba kukwenya kwemachira emotokari, zvichidzivirira kunze kwemotokari kubva pakukuvadzwa kudiki panguva yekushandiswa kwezuva nezuva.

Tekinoroji dzekugadzira dzemhando yepamusoro dziri kuramba dzichigadzirwa kuti dziwedzere kunaka kweupfu hwekaolin hwakachena zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vagadziri vari kutsvaga kushandiswa kwekurapa kwe ultrasonic panguva yekukuya zvinyoro. Iyi tekinoroji inogona kupwanya zvidimbu zvekaolin zvakaenzana, zvichikonzera kupararira kwehukuru hwezvidimbu. Imwe nzira iri kubuda ndeyekushandisa mishonga yekuchenesa yakavakirwa pa bio-based, iyo inopa imwe nzira isingakuvadzi nharaunda pane nzira dzechinyakare dzekuchenesa makemikari. Izvi zvitsva hazvingogadzirise mashandiro eupfu hwekaolin chete asiwo zvinoenderana nekukura kuri kuita kudiwa kweindasitiri kwemaitiro ekugadzira anochengetedza nharaunda.

Kudzora mhando chinhu chakakosha pakugadzirwa kweupfu hwekaolin hwemachira. Pamusoro pezvinhu zvakakosha zvehunyanzvi zvakaita sekuchena (L* kukosha) ≥93%, huwandu hwesimbi (Fe₂O₃) ≤0.2%, saizi yezvikamu D50 3-8 μm, kunyudzwa kwemafuta 28-35 mL/100g, pH kukosha 6.5-7.5, uye kupenya (457 nm) ≥95%, vagadziri vanoongororawo zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita semakemikari epamusoro eupfu. Kuchaja kwepamusoro uye mapoka anoshanda ezvikamu zvekaolin zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kupararira kwazvo mumasisitimu akasiyana eresin. Matekiniki epamusoro ekuongorora, akadai sekuyera kwezeta potential uye Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), anoshandiswa kuratidza hunhu hwepamusoro hweupfu, zvichiita kuti huenderane zvakanaka nemafomu akasiyana-siyana ekuputira.

Cheni yekugovera yeupfu hwekaolin hwakachena zvakanyanya yakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zveindasitiri yekuputira. Sarudzo dzekurongedza dzakagadzirirwa zvinodiwa nevatengi vakasiyana. Mashopu madiki ekuputira anogona kusarudza mabhegi epepa e25kg, ayo ari nyore kubata nekuchengetera. Vagadziri vakuru vekuputira, kune rumwe rutivi, vanogona kusarudza mabhegi akawanda e1000kg, ane mapurasitiki anodzivirira hunyoro kudzivirira kubikwa panguva yekufambisa nekuchengetedza. Kutumira kunochinjika zvakanyanya, nekutumira nguva dzose pamwedzi kunzvimbo huru dzekuputira muEurope, North America, neAsia. Kune maodha ekukurumidzira, sarudzo dzekutakura zvinhu nendege dziripo, zvichiita kuti kutumirwa kusvike mukati memazuva 3-7 kuti kusvike pahurongwa hwakaoma hwekugadzira.

Sezvo indasitiri yekupenda ichiramba ichichinja, ichikurudzirwa nekudiwa kwezvigadzirwa zvisingakuvadzi nharaunda, zvine VOC shoma, uye zvinogara kwenguva refu, upfu hwekaolin hwakachena hwakagadzirira kutamba basa rakakura. Musanganiswa wayo wakasiyana wezvinhu, kusanganisira kufukidzwa kwakanaka, kuramba mamiriro ekunze kwakawedzerwa, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemari, zvinoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha kune vagadziri vekupenda vanoda kuramba vachikwikwidzana mumusika. Nekushandisa matekinoroji ekugadzira matsva uye kupa rutsigiro rwakakwana rwehunyanzvi, indasitiri yekaolin powder iri panzvimbo yakanaka yekusangana nezvinodiwa zviri kuchinja zvechikamu chekupenda uye kubatsira mukusimudzira mapendekete anoshanda zvakanyanya.

Mumusika wezvipfeko zvekuvaka, kushandiswa kweupfu hwekaolin hwakachena zvakanyanya kuri kuwedzera kupfuura zvivakwa zvechinyakare zvekugara uye zvemabhizinesi. Huri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirisa nekuchengetedza zvivakwa zvekare. Kugona kweupfu uhwu kupa chifukidzo chakanaka uye kudzivirira kubva mukukuvadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kunobatsira kuchengetedza chitarisiko chepakutanga chezvivakwa izvi uku uchivimbisa kugara kwenguva refu. Mumusika wezvipfeko zvemaindasitiri, nekukura kwezvikamu zvakaita sesimba rinogona kudzorerwa uye kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa, kudiwa kwezvipfeko zvinoshanda zvakanyanya kuri kuwedzera. Upfu hwekaolin, nekukwanisa kwayo kusimudzira mashandiro ezvipfeko, hunotarisirwa kuona kushandiswa kwakawedzerwa munzvimbo idzi, zvichiwedzera kusimbisa chinzvimbo chayo sechinhu chakakosha muindasitiri yezvipfeko.