Kuumbwa kwemakemikari
Chekutanga, tinofanira kujekesa kuti chena kabhoni nhema nesilicon dioxide zvine chimiro chemakemikari chakafanana, uye fomura yavo yemakemikari iSiO₂. Chena kabhoni nhema chaizvoizvo imhando chaiyo ye silica, uye chimiro chayo chinogona kumiririrwa neSiO2 · nH2O, uko nH2O iripo muchimiro chemapoka ehydroxyl ari pamusoro.
Chitarisiko uye hunhu
Pachitarisiko uye hunhu, kabhoni chena nhema nesilika zvakasiyanawo. Chitarisiko chesilica ipfu chena isina chimiro, haina chepfu, haina hwema, uye haina kusvibiswa. Maumbirwo ayo madiki akaita sedenderedzwa, flocculent, uye yakaita senetwork, hainyungudike mumvura. Chitarisiko chebhuni chena nhema, kune rumwe rutivi, ipfu chena, ine granular kana isina chimiro chakajairwa, inonyungudika mu caustic soda uye hydrofluoric acid, hainyungudike mumvura, solvents, uye acids (kunze kwe hydrofluoric acid), uye ine hunhu hwekudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, haibati moto, haina hwema, haina hwema, uye inochengetedza magetsi zvakanaka.
nzvimbo yekunyorera
Panyaya yekushandiswa, white carbon black ne silica zvine hunhu hwazvo. Silicon dioxide chinhu chakakosha chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira girazi, quartz glass, sodium silicate, optical fibers, zvikamu zvakakosha zveindasitiri yemagetsi, zvishandiso zve optical, mabasa emaoko, uye zvinhu zvinoramba kushanda. White carbon black inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zverabha, makemikari ekurima, zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvezuva nezuva, mapurasitiki, machira, resin composites, uye mapepa anozadza. Pamusoro pezvo, white carbon black yakashandiswa zvakanyanya sechinotsiva carbon black muzvigadzirwa zverabha.
Nzira yekugadzirira
Panyaya yenzira dzekugadzirira, nhema chena kabhoni nesilika zvakasiyanawo. nhema chena kabhoni inogona kugadzirwa nenzira yemvura kana nzira dzegasi, uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirira dzinoguma nezvigadzirwa zviviri zvakasiyana zvine fomura imwe chete yemamorekuru.
Hunhu hwekushanda
Panyaya yekushanda kwayo, panewo musiyano pakati pechena kabhoni nhema nesilika. Kabhoni nhema chena chinhu chine maburi, chine chimiro chakabatana uye chimiro chakafanana nekabhoni nhema. Kune rumwe rutivi, nano silica chinhu chichena chisina chepfu, chisina hwema, uye chisina kusvibiswa chine saizi diki (0-100nm) uye nzvimbo yakakura chaiyo. Ine hunhu hwakasimba hwekuratidzira kwe ultraviolet, infrared, uye chiedza chinoonekwa. Mhedzisiro yevhoriyamu uye mhedzisiro ye quantum tunneling ye nano silica zvinoita kuti ive nemhedzisiro ye percolation, iyo inogona kuumba chimiro che network yenzvimbo ine organic molecular compounds, zvichivandudza zvikuru simba remakanika, kuomarara, kuramba kupfeka, uye kuramba kukwegura kwezvinhu zve polymer.
Muchidimbu, kunyange zvazvo chena kabhoni nhema nesilika zvine makemikari akafanana, zvakasiyana muchitarisiko, hunhu, nzvimbo dzekushandisa, uye nzira dzekugadzirira.