Tsananguro pfupi:
Upfu hwetalc, chicherwa chinoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana uye chisingakoshi, chinoita basa guru mukugadzirwa kwezvisimbiso zverabha, zvichichinja indasitiri iyi nehunyanzvi hwayo hunoshamisa. Munyika yezvisimbiso zvemaindasitiri, uko kuvimbika uye kugara kwenguva refu zvakakosha, upfu hwetalc hunobuda sechinochinja mutambo, huchipa mabhenefiti akawanda anowedzera kushanda uye kugara kwenguva refu kwezvisimbiso zverabha.
Chimwe chezvakanakira zvikuru zveupfu hwetalc mukugadzirwa kwechisimbiso cherabha kugona kwayo kusimudzira kudzoreredzwa kwe elastic. Mumaindasitiri, zvisimbiso zvinogara zvichimanikidzwa ne mechanical, kusanganisira kudzvanywa kakawanda, kutatamuka, uye kuchinjika. Semuenzaniso, magasket emusuwo muzvivakwa zvemabhizinesi anogara achivhurwa nekuvharwa, nepo zvisimbiso zveinjini dzemotokari zvichisangana nekuchinja-chinja kwekumanikidzwa panguva yekushanda. Maumbirwo akanaka eupfu hwetalc akakosha pakugadzirisa matambudziko aya. Padanho re microscopic, maplatelet etalc anosangana nema polymer erabha, zvichigadzira network inoshanda sechitubu chemukati. Kubatana uku kwakasiyana kunobvumira zvisimbiso kuti zvidzoke nekukurumidza chimiro chazvo chepakutanga mushure mekudzvanywa, zvichiita kuti zvikwane zvakanaka kunyangwe mushure mezviuru zvema cycles.
Muongororo yerabhoritari yazvino, matekiniki ekufungidzira ekumhanya-mhanya akashandiswa kubata mashandiro akaomarara emaitiro aya. Maonero aya anoratidza zvakajeka kuti maplatelet etalc anotsvedza sei uye anochinja-chinja mukati me rabha matrix panguva yekuchinja, zvichiita kuti elastic recovery iite. Uyezve, zvidzidzo zvakakwana zvakaenzanisa zvisimbiso zvakagadzirwa nemhando dzakasiyana dze talc powder, zvichiratidza kuti kuchena kwakanyanya uye talc particles dzakafanana zvinotungamira mukuvandudzwa kukuru kwe elastic recovery. Kunyanya, zvisimbiso zvakagadzirwa ne ultrafine, high-purity talc powder zvakaratidza kuwedzera kwe elastic recovery kusvika ku35%, zvichienzaniswa neizvo zvisina talc kana ne talc yemhando yakaderera. Kuvandudzwa uku kwakakosha mukupora kwe elastic ibhenefiti yakakosha kune mashandisirwo anoda kuvimbika kwenguva refu, sezvo zvichibatsira kudzivirira kubuda kwemvura uye kuchengetedza kusimba kwe sealed system.
Kusapfeka zvakanaka chimwe chinhu chakakosha pakushanda kwezvisimbiso zverabha zvine simba guru, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinokwesha dzakadai semichina yekuchera migodhi, maindasitiri ekutakura zvinhu, uye michina inorema yekugadzira. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma aya, zvisimbiso zvinogara zvichisangana nekukweshana uye kukweshana, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kusakara nekukundikana nguva isati yakwana. Maitiro eplatelet eTalc powder anopa simba rekuzvizora, richishanda semabheringi madiki, akaiswa mukati me rabha. Kana chisimbiso chikasangana nenzvimbo dzinosangana, maplatelet etalc anotsvedza, zvichideredza kupisa kwekukweshana uye kuderedza kukweshana pamusoro.
Uyezve, zvidzidzo zvemazuva ano zve tribological zvakadzika zvakadzama mukuita kwe talc kuzvizora mu rabha seals. Zvidzidzo izvi zvakaratidza kuti kemikari yepamusoro ye talc ine basa mukuderedza kunamira pakati pe seal nenzvimbo dzinosangana, zvichiwedzera kuwedzera kwe lubrication effect. Mukushandiswa kwechokwadi, bvunzo dzemumunda dzakaitwa mumabasa akawanda ekuchera pasi rese. Semuenzaniso, munzvimbo yakakura yekuchera mhangura muSouth America, zvivharo zvakaiswa mu talc mu conveyor belt systems zvakagara avhareji ye60% kwenguva yakareba kupfuura zvivharo zvakajairwa. Hupenyu hwakareba uhwu hunoshandura kuchengetedza kwakakosha mumari yekuchengetedza, sezvo kutsiva zvivharo zvishoma kunodiwa nekufamba kwenguva. Pamusoro pezvo, hunhu hwemakemikari husina simba hwe talc powder hunodzivirira kuora kwezvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvakaita sehunyoro, makemikari, uye UV mwaranzi, zvichiita kuti chivharo chishande zvakanaka muhupenyu hwese hwebasa racho. Munzvimbo dzeindasitiri dzemahombekombe uko zvivharo zvinosangana nemvura yemunyu inopfapfaidzwa uye hunyoro hwakawanda, zvivharo zvakagadziriswa mu talc zvakaramba zvakavimbika zviri nani kupfuura zvisina kugadziriswa, zvichiratidza kugona kwekudzivirira kwe mineral.
Kudzvanywa kwesimbi idambudziko rinoramba riripo mukugadzira zvisimbiso zverabha, kunyanya mukushandiswa uko zvisimbiso zvinosangana nekumanikidzwa kwenguva yakareba. Mienzaniso yekushandiswa kwakadaro inosanganisira magasket akadzika-pasi pegungwa, ayo anofanira kutsungirira kumanikidzwa kukuru kwemvura yakadzika, uye zvisimbiso zvendege dzakakwirira-kumusoro, izvo zvinosangana nekumanikidzwa kwakasiyana-siyana panguva yekubhururuka. Upfu hwetalc hunoderedza nyaya yekudzvanywa kwesimbi kuburikidza nemaitiro maviri. Chekutanga, hunosimbisa chimiro chekubatanidza cherabha, huchiwedzera kuramba kwayo kuchinjika pasi pekumanikidzwa. Ongororo yesainzi yepolymer yazvino yakashandisa matekiniki epamusoro espectroscopy kuongorora zvisungo zvemakemikari mukati memakemikari erabha netalc powder, zvichisimbisa kusimbiswa kwe cross-links. Chechipiri, inopa rutsigiro rwepanyama kumacheni epolymer, kudzivirira kutambanudza zvakanyanya uye kushanduka kusingaperi kwe microstructure yezvinhu.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, senge mukushandiswa kwe cryogenic uko tembiricha inogona kuderera kusvika -196°C, basa re talc powder rinova rakakosha zvikuru. Nzvimbo dzekuongorora dzakashandiswa kutevedzera mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma aya, uye mhedzisiro yacho inoshamisa. Zvisimbiso zvakagadziriswa ne talc mumapaipi e cryogenic zvakachengetedza mwero wekuvimbika kwechisimbiso weanopfuura 98% mushure memaawa 10,000 ekushanda nguva dzose, zvichienzaniswa neanenge 85% yezvisimbiso zvisina kugadziriswa. Nekuchengetedza kugadzikana kwehukuru hwechisimbiso pasi pekumanikidzwa kwenguva refu, talc powder inoita kuti chisimbiso chirambe chichishanda zvakanaka nekufamba kwenguva. Kushanda uku kwakanaka kunoita kuti talc - rabha dzakasimbiswa ive sarudzo inosarudzwa yekushandisa uko kuvimbika uye kuchengetedzeka zvisingakurukurwe.
Mumasystem ane simba guru, akadai sema hydraulic cylinders, mapaipi egasi rechisikigo, uye michina yekuburitsa mafuta negasi, kushanda kwesefa kwakakosha zvikuru. Kukundikana kwese kwechisimbiso kunogona kukonzera njodzi huru, kusanganisira kudonha kwemvura, kukuvara kwemidziyo, uye njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza. Upfu hwetalc hunoita basa rakakosha mukuona kushanda kwesefa nekushanda semugoveri wekushushikana. Geometry yayo yakati sandara inobvumira kuparadzira masimba akashandiswa zvakaenzana pamusoro pesefa, zvichidzivirira kuwanda kwekushushikana kunogona kukonzera kutadza kushanda nguva isati yakwana.
Kutevedzera kwemazuva ano kwemakombiyuta emagetsi (CFD) kwave kwakanyanya kuomarara, tichifunga nezvezvinhu zvakaita sema gradients ekupisa uye mapatani ekuyerera kwemvura mukati mechisimbiso. Kutevedzera uku kwakawedzerwa kwakaratidza kuti kurongeka kwezvikamu zvakasiyana zvetalc kunoenderana sei nemavector ekumanikidza, zvichiwedzera kugona kwekutakura mutoro wechisimbiso kusvika ku40%. Pamusoro pezvo, finite element analysis (FEA) yakashandiswa kudzidza maitiro emakanika ezvisimbiso netalc powder pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekurodha. Kunzwisisa kwakabatanidzwa kubva kuCFD neFEA kwakapa kunzwisisa kwakazara kwekuti talc powder inovandudza sei mashandiro echisimbiso. Kukwanisa kwekutakura mutoro uku kunogonesa chisimbiso kumira kumanikidzwa kwakakwirira pasina kukanganisa kuvimbika kwacho, izvo zvakakosha pakushanda kwakachengeteka uye kwakanaka kwemasisitimu ekumanikidza ane simba guru.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha cheupfu hwetalc mukugadzirwa kwechisimbiso cherabha ndechekuti hunoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zverabha. Ingava ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), nitrile butadiene rabha (NBR), kana silicone rabha, upfu hwetalc hunogona kuiswa nyore nyore muchimiro ichi kuti uwane hunhu hwaunoda. Kuchinja-chinja uku kunobvumira vagadziri kugadzirisa chimiro chechisimbiso cherabha zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekushanda kwechinhu chacho.
Semuenzaniso, muindasitiri yekugadzira makemikari, uko zvisimbiso zvinoda kuramba makemikari akasiyana-siyana ane hukasha, upfu hwetalc hunogona kusanganiswa neNBR kugadzira chisimbiso chinopa kuramba makemikari kwakanaka. Kuongororwa kwekunyudzwa kwemakemikari murabhoritari kwakaratidza kuti zvisimbiso zvetalc - NBR zvinogona kutsungirira kubatwa neacids dzakasimba uye alkali kwenguva yakareba pasina kuora zvakanyanya. Muindasitiri yendege, uko kunodiwa kuramba kushanduka tembiricha yepamusoro, zvisimbiso zverabha zvetalc - silicone zvinowedzerwa zvinogona kushandiswa kutsungirira tembiricha dzakanyanya kubva -60°C kusvika 260°C pasina kurasikirwa nekushanda kwazvo kwekusimbisa. Kutaura zvazviri, muzvikamu zveinjini yejet, zvisimbiso izvi zvakaratidzwa kuti zvinochengetedza kushanda kwazvo kunyangwe panguva yekuchinja kwekupisa nekukurumidza, zvichivimbisa kushanda kwakavimbika kweinjini.
Pamusoro pehunhu hwayo hwemakanika uye hwemakemikari, upfu hwetalc hunewo zvakanakira zvakawanda pakugadzira chisimbiso cherabha. Hukuru hwayo hwakanaka uye hunhu hwayo hwekupararira zvakanaka zvinovimbisa kupararira kwakafanana mukati me rabha, zvichikonzera mhando yechigadzirwa inoenderana. Tekinoroji dzepamusoro dzekusanganisa, dzakadai sema extruders maviri, dzakagadziridzwa kuti dzishandise zvizere hunhu hwe talc powder hwekupararira, zvichiita kuti chikamu chega chega che rabha chibatsirwe nehunhu hwayo. Upfu hwetalc hunovandudzawo hunhu hwe flow ye rabha compound panguva yekugadzirisa, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuumba nekugadzira chimiro chaunoda.
Izvi hazvingoderedzi nguva yekugadzira nemitengo chete asiwo zvinovandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro ekugadzira. Semuenzaniso, mumitsetse yekugadzira otomatiki, kushandiswa kwehupfu hwetalc kwakaita kuti nguva dzekutenderera dzikurumidze uye kurambwa kwekugadzirwa kushoma. Uyezve, kuwedzerwa kwehupfu hwetalc kunogonawo kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba kwemidziyo yekugadzirisa, sezvo simba shoma richidikanwa kuti igadzire rabha inoyerera zvakanyanya.
Kushandiswa kwehupfu hwetalc mukugadzira zvisimbiso zverabha kunobatsirawo nharaunda. Talc chicherwa chinowanikwa zvakasikwa chiri muvhu. Kucherwa kwayo nekugadzirisa kwayo hakuna simba rakawanda pakuchengetedza nharaunda kana tichienzanisa nezvinhu zvakagadzirwa. Makambani emigodhi ari kuramba achitora nzira dzekuchera dzinogara kwenguva refu, dzakadai sekudzoreredza masango nekuchengetedza ivhu mushure memabasa ekuchera, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kukanganiswa kwekugadzirwa kwetalc nenharaunda. Uyezve, zvisimbiso zverabha zvinowedzerwa zvetalc zvinogara kwenguva refu, zvichideredza kuwanda kwezvisimbiso uye kuderedza kugadzirwa kwemarara.
Mukuona kwehupfumi hwakatenderera, zvisimbiso zverabha zve talc-based end of life zvinogona kudzokororwa zviri nani nekuda kwehunhu hwazvo hwakagadzikana. Tsvagiridzo iri kuenderera mberiwo kugadzira nzira itsva dzekugadzirisazve dzinogona kuburitsa nekushandisazve upfu hwetalc kubva muzvisimbiso zvakamboshandiswa, zvichiwedzera kusimba kwemaitiro ese. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvisimbiso zverabha zve talc-based zvive sarudzo inogara kwenguva refu yekushandiswa mumaindasitiri, zvichienderana nekutarisa kuri kukura kwepasi rose pakuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza nekuchengetedza zviwanikwa.
Mukupedzisa, upfu hwetalc chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwezvisimbiso zverabha zvine simba guru. Hunhu hwayo hwakasiyana, kusanganisira kudzoreredzwa kwe elastic, kuramba kupfeka, kuramba kudzvanywa, kupararira kwekushushikana, uye kuenderana nemakemikari akasiyana-siyana erabha, zvinoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha muindasitiri yezvisimbiso zverabha. Nekushandisa mabhenefiti eupfu hwetalc, vagadziri vanogona kugadzira zvisimbiso zverabha zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvemaindasitiri emazuva ano, zvichivimbisa kuvimbika, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kuchengetedzeka. Sezvo kudiwa kwezvisimbiso zverabha zvine simba guru kuchiramba kuchikura, zvichikonzerwa nekuwedzera kwemaindasitiri akadai sesimba rinogona kudzokororwa, ndege, uye mafuta negasi, basa reupfu hwetalc muindasitiri iri kutarisirwa kuva rakakosha mune ramangwana. Kutsvagurudza kuri kuenderera mberi nekuedza kusimudzira kunotarisirwa kuwedzera kuvhura kugona kweupfu hwetalc, zvichitungamira mukugadzirwa kwemhinduro dzezvisimbiso zverabha dzakanyanya kukwira uye dzinoshanda.
